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- Virus scanning
-
- The primary scanner in the F-PROT shareware package is a the F-PROT.EXE
- DOS program. We know that many people would prefer a Windows application,
- finding it easier to use than an "old-fashioned" DOS program.
-
- However, there is one reason why a DOS application is necessary: Consider
- what happens if Windows itself gets infected. In order to run a Windows
- anti-virus program, you have to run Windows itself, which means that the
- virus would be active in the system, possibly interfering with the scanning
- or removal. If you boot from a clean diskette, the virus will not be
- active, but then you have no Windows, so you can only use a DOS application
- in that case.
-
- Scanning with the F-PROT program
-
- When you select "Scan" from the main screen, you go to the menu on the
- right where you can select where to scan and what to do if a virus is
- found.
-
- At the top is a large "START" button. When it is selected, a scan will
- start, using the current setup.
-
- To change the setup you simply use the arrow keys to move to the option you
- want to change and press <ENTER>. A window will then appear showing the
- available possibilities, and you select one of them.
-
- The first option, "Search" is used to select where F-PROT should search for
- viruses. The default is "Hard disk", meaning that the entire hard disk(s)
- will be scanned for viruses. The other choice is "User-specified". You
- need to use that if you only want to scan a single directory, or perhaps
- just a single file - in that case, just type in the path of what you want
- to scan.
-
- The second option, "Action" is used to specify what action should be taken
- when a virus is found. The default operation is just to list the names of
- any infected files, but F-PROT can also disinfect almost all viruses. If
- you want disinfection, it can either be fully automatic, or F-PROT can
- prompt you before it attempts to disinfect any given file. Sometimes
- an infection cannot be removed, for example if the virus just overwrites
- and destroys any file it infects, or in the case of a "first-generation"
- sample.
-
- A "first-generation" sample is the author's original copy of the virus,
- and can only exist if the file has been obtained directly or indirectly
- from him. Such samples are generally not found in the "real world", only
- in large virus collections.
-
- In those cases the only effective disinfection is to delete the file. It
- is always safer to delete infected programs than to disinfect, so F-PROT
- offers deletion as well - any infected file will first be overwritten
- several times (just to make sure) and then deleted. You can select
- automatic deletion or have F-PROT prompt you before it deletes a file.
- Finally, an infected COM/EXE file can be renamed, and given the extension
- .VOM or .VXE, so it will not be executed by accident, but you will still have
- it around to study. Infected Word or Excel documents are not renamed as
- doing so would not make the viruses any less infectious.
-
- The third option, "Files" is used to select which files F-PROT should
- scan for viruses. The default is to scan only files with certain
- "executable" extensions, such as EXE, COM, SYS, 386, SCR and so on. In
- addition, Word and Excel files having extensions that match DO? and XL?
- are scanned as well.
-
- If you use Word/Excel and your documents have non-standard extensions, you
- need to select "Ignore document extensions". This will slow the scan
- significantly, as every file now has to be checked to see whether it is a
- Word/Excel file.
-
- Finally, you can select "dumb" scan of all files. We do not recommend
- this except under very special circumstances, such as when scanning a
- virus collection where .COM files have been renamed to .VOM. In general,
- selecting this choice will do nothing but waste significant amount of
- time.
-
- If any of the options are changed from their default values, F-PROT will
- ask if the changed values should be saved when you exit from the program.
- If so, a file named F-PROT.INI will be created.
-
-
- Starting the virus scan
-
- When you have selected the correct options, you may start the scanning by
- selecting "Start" at the top of the menu.
-
- The scanning can be aborted at any time simply by pressing the ESC key.
-
- When the scanning is finished, a summary is displayed. If no viruses or
- suspicious programs were found, it simply says so, but otherwise a
- detailed listing is produced when ENTER is pressed. This listing can be
- saved to a disk or sent to the printer.
-
-
- A note on disinfection
-
- When a file has been disinfected it has usually been restored to its
- original state before infection. In many cases the disinfected program
- will have 1-16 additional garbage bytes at the end. Those bytes are added
- by viruses, in order to make the length of the program a multiple of 16
- bytes, before infection. As the number of those extra bytes cannot be
- determined, they cannot be removed. Normally they will not have any effect,
- unless the program checks its current length. In those cases it will
- report an incorrect length after disinfection, and will have to be restored
- from a backup.
-
- Skipping the memory scan
-
- Normally F-PROT will search the memory for viruses, and refuse to operate
- if any virus is found in memory. However, a false alarm is possible, for
- example if an infected file has just been copied, and portions of it are in
- an unused disk buffer. To skip the memory scan, run the program with the
- /NOMEM command-line switch.
-
- Testing the scanner
-
- The correct operation of F-PROT can be tested with a special test
- file. This is a dummy file which is detected by F-PROT exactly like
- if it were a virus. This file is known as EICAR Standard Anti-virus
- Test file, and it is also detected by several other anti-virus products
- in a similar manner. (EICAR is the European Institute of Computer
- Anti-virus Research).
-
- Naturally, the file is not a virus. When executed, EICAR.COM will
- display the text 'EICAR-STANDARD-ANTIVIRUS-TEST-FILE' and exit.
-
- We do not include the EICAR test file with the package to avoid alarming
- anyone running F-PROT (or any other scanner) on the package, but to create
- the EICAR test file, use any text editor to create a file with the
- following single line in it:
-
- X5O!P%@AP[4\PZX54(P^)7CC)7}$EICAR-STANDARD-ANTIVIRUS-TEST-FILE!$H+H*
-
- Save the file to any name with COM extension, for example EICAR.COM.
- Make sure you save the file in standard MS-DOS ASCII format. The file
- should be 68 bytes long, but might be 70 bytes if the editor puts a
- CR/LF at the end. Now you can use this file to test what happens
- when F-PROT encounters a "real" virus.
-